Relationships between variance in electroencephalography relative power and developmental status in infants with typical development and at risk for developmental disability: An observational study

Andrew Hooyman,Crystal Jiang,Ran Xiao,David Kayekjian,Beth A Smith,Douglas L Vanderbilt

doi:10.12688/gatesopenres.12868.2

Andrew Hooyman, Crystal Jiang + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12868.2

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Abstract

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive tool that has the potential to identify and quantify atypical brain development. We introduce a new measure here, variance of relative power of resting-state EEG. We sought to assess whether variance of relative power of resting-state EEG could predict i) classification of infants as typical development (TD) or at risk (AR) for developmental disability, and ii) Bayley developmental scores at the same visit or future visits. Methods: A total of 22 infants with TD participated, aged between 38 and 203 days. In addition, 11 infants broadly at risk participated (6 high-risk pre-term, 4 low-risk pre-term, 1 high-risk full-term), aged between 40 and 225 days of age (adjusted for prematurity). We used EEG to measure resting-state brain function across months. We calculated variance of relative power as the standard deviation of the relative power across each of the 32 EEG electrodes. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (3 rd edition) was used to measure developmental level. Infants were measured 1-6 times each, with 1 month between measurements. Results: Our main findings were: i) variance of relative power of resting state EEG can predict classification of infants as TD or AR, and ii) variance of relative power of resting state EEG can predict Bayley developmental scores at the same visit (Bayley raw fine motor, Bayley raw cognitive, Bayley total raw score, Bayley motor composite score) and at a future visit (Bayley raw fine motor). Conclusions: This was a preliminary, exploratory, small study. Our results support variance of relative power of resting state EEG as an area of interest for future study as a biomarker of neurodevelopmental status and as a potential outcome measure for early intervention.

Highlights

Detection of atypical neurological development increases the potential for successful intervention, as a body of basic science laboratory data supports that a wide variety of interventions, from environmental enrichment to hypothermia or implantation of stem cells, can enhance cerebral plasticity during development[1]
Modest accuracy was identified with typically a high false negative rate for features from conventional metrics
Variance of relative power was calculated as standard deviation of the 32 relative power measurements for each infant and was used as the only predictor within the model

Summary

Introduction

Detection of atypical neurological development increases the potential for successful intervention, as a body of basic science laboratory data supports that a wide variety of interventions, from environmental enrichment to hypothermia or implantation of stem cells, can enhance cerebral plasticity during development[1]. In order to help guide and monitor interventions seeking to promote healthy brain development in the early years, we need suitable measures of fetal and infant brain function and development[2] prior to functional impairments emerging. Electroencephalography (EEG) offers one non-invasive tool with the potential to identify and quantify atypical brain development. The rapidly growing field of infant EEG seeks to uncover specific abnormalities in activity patterns or key features, and whether these are predictive of short-term and long-term risks or outcomes[3]

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