Relationships between Parenting Styles and Adolescents’ Ego-Resilience: The Mediating Role of Fathers’ Parenting Participation

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of fathers’ involvement with their children in the relationships between paternal and maternal parenting styles and their adolescents’ ego-resilience. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: A total of 293 adolescent boys and girls (aged 14-16 years) who lived with their two parents in Seoul, Korea participated in this study. Baron and Kenny’s steps based on regression and bootstrapping tests were conducted for the analysis. Findings: According to the examination on the mediating effects of paternal parenting participation on the relationships between both parents’ four types of parenting styles including affection-hostility, autonomy-control, fulfilling-non-fulfilling, and rational-irrational and their adolescents' ego-resilience, paternal parenting participation has partial mediational effects on the relationships between both fathers’ and mothers’ affectionate and fulfilling parenting styles and adolescents' ego-resilience. That is, fathers’ involvement and fathers’ and mothers’ affectionate and fulfilling parenting styles are linked to positive outcomes in adolescents. In addition, parents’ affectionate and fulfilling parenting styles are far more likely to promote adolescents’ ego-resilience when it occurs in the context of fathers’ more active involvement in parenting. Improvements/Application: The results of this study are meaningful in that fathers’ engagement with their children is important to develop their children’s positive internal development such as ego-resilience.