Abstract
Severe cold exercise involves the irisin response, and may be related to body composition. We aimed to investigate changes in circulating irisin after ice swimming (IS), as well as to evaluate the correlation between body composition and the change in irisin caused by IS (Δirisin). 81 ice swimmers were recruited to perform IS activities. Blood samples were drawn 30 min before and 30 min after IS, and the serum levels of irisin and the ice swimmers’ body composition were measured. As results, circulating irisin declined significantly during the recovery period following IS exercise (P < 0.001). The afternoon baseline circulating irisin level and Δirisin in response to IS were correlated with body fat characteristics rather than muscle parameters in ice swimmers. Δirisin subgroup analyses showed that the Δirisin ascending group (Δirisin+) subjects had a higher fat composition and higher basal irisin levels than the Δirisin descending group (Δirisin−). Furthermore, the decrease in irisin was negatively correlated with fat components in Δirisin− subjects, whereas no correlation was observed between the increase in irisin and body composition in Δirisin + subjects. Finally, a non-linear association analysis suggested that body fat indicators had obvious curvilinear relationships with Δirisin. In conclusion, IS caused a significant decrease in irisin. Statistical and curvilinear associations suggested that the correlation between fat tissue and Δirisin caused by IS is dimorphic and the underlying mechanisms may be due to the different metabolic states of subjects.
Highlights
Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue are active endocrine organs, which communicate with other organs and affect their metabolism by secreting hormones called myokines and adipokines, respectively, (Polyzos et al, 2018)
According to the criteria of the World Health Organization (2000), no underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) volunteers participated in the study
A significant difference was found in the change in irisin after ice swimming (IS) (P < 0.001)
Summary
Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue are active endocrine organs, which communicate with other organs and affect their metabolism by secreting hormones called myokines and adipokines, respectively, (Polyzos et al, 2018). Irisin is a novel adipo-myokine activated by proteolytic cleavage derived from fibronectin-type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5) from muscle and adipose tissues in response to exercise (Bostrom et al, 2012; Roca-Rivada et al, 2013). When irisin is secreted into the circulation, it causes the transformation of white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue by upregulating uncoupling protein 1. This transformation process triggers thermogenesis, increasing energy expenditure and improving metabolism (Bostrom et al, 2012). A limited number of studies have evaluated the response of circulating irisin under conditions of simultaneous exercise and cold stimuli
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