Abstract
The aim of the study was to indicate which body composition parameters and which lifestyle components affect the phase angle (PA) value in young adults. Two-hundred-and-eighty-one students at Wroclaw Medical University participated in the study. A survey on respondent lifestyles was followed by anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) calculation. The differences in the body composition of men and women corresponded to their sexual anatomy and physiology. Sex-dependent differences in lifestyle were also reported. The study revealed a relationship between PA and height, weight, BMR, BMI (body mass index), FFM (fat-free body mass), bone mass, water mass, muscle mass (r~0.4–0.7), ECW/ICW (extracellular water/intracellular water) and fat mass (r~−(0.4–0.6)) for the entire studied group. The relationship between PA values and lifestyle components concerned consumption of energy drinks, cola, alcohol, water, vegetables and fruits, meat, and also intervals between meals, time for physical exercises, and screen time (r~±0.2). The research shows that the PA value increases with an increase in positive body composition parameters. Following the principles of proper nutrition and physical activity increases PA values in most cases.
Highlights
The quantitative assessment of body composition can be done by an analyser based on the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technique
The aim of the study was to show which parameters of body composition and which lifestyle components correlate with phase angle (PA) values in the group of young people
Students who agreed to participate in the study filled in a paper-based questionnaire about their current lifestyle
Summary
The quantitative assessment of body composition (such as adipose tissue mass, muscle mass, body water bass, fat-free mass, etc.) can be done by an analyser based on the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technique. BIA is an uncomplicated and noninvasive method based on measuring the resistance (R) and reactance Xc) of soft tissues and the tissue’s electrical resistance. An electrical current with low amperage and high frequency is passed through the human body by electrodes placed on the weighing scale platform connected to the feet and in handles held in both hands [1]. Since the current flows easier through electrolyte solutions than cells, the resistance measured by adipose tissue or extracellular water causes a voltage drop. It is possible to measure reactance responsible for the phase shift of the applied electric current expressed as phase angle (PA) [2]: PA = arc tangens Xc/R
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