Abstract
Human longevity is influenced by environment and nutrition. We considered environmental and nutritional factors relating to longevity in Chinese cities. We found higher 85+/65+ distribution ratios, indicating enhanced longevity, in the coastal and southern regions of China. These areas also featured higher humidity, low standard deviation of monthly temperature, higher levels of selenium (Se) distribution in soil, and greater sea fish consumption. Moderate climate is more conducive to longevity, however, there is no significant difference in longevity between different sub-climatic types within moderate climate; the relation between humidity and longevity is not always positive, the relation between altitude and longevity is not always negative. Nutritional factors like Se and omega-3 fatty acids contained in sea fish were crucial to longevity. In contrast, the consumption of meat and freshwater fish were less related to longevity. Taken together, humidity, altitude, and per capita sea fish consumption, when evaluated via geographically weighted regression, explained 66% and 68% of longevity among Chinese individuals in 2000 and 2010, respectively. Other factors require further discussion.
Highlights
Along with individual lifestyle factors like psychology, sports, diet, et cetera, human health and longevity are directly influenced by the local environment and dietary nutrition
A stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis and geographically weighted regression (GWR) were used to identify the factors significantly associated with the longevity ratio
Positive correlations were seen between longevity ratio and sea fish consumption, humidity degree, total Se (T-Se) content in soil, WS-Se content in soil, and freshwater food consumption, while negative correlations were seen for longevity ratio and altitude, monthly mean temperature standard deviation and meat consumption
Summary
Along with individual lifestyle factors like psychology, sports, diet, et cetera, human health and longevity are directly influenced by the local environment and dietary nutrition. Environmental factors include climate (temperature, precipitation, humidity, etc.), and chemical and physical contaminants of the air, soil and water. Omega-3 fatty acids are considered anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombosis, and anti-arrhythmic. They can reduce blood lipids, relax the vasculature, and prevent cancer [12,13]. China National Environmental Monitoring Centre 1990) [29] and other studies related to soil environmental background values in China [11,30]. 1990) [29] of and studies related soil China National Monitoring Centre. China Fisheries Statistics Yearbook 2016; China Agriculture Press: Beijing, China, 2016. China Fisheries Statistics Yearbook 2016; China Agriculture Press: Beijing, China, 2016. (In Chinese)
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