Relationship of the Effective Refractory Period and Monophasic Action Potential Duration after a Step Increase in Pacing Frequency

Abstract

Adaptation of effective refractory period (ERP) and monophasic action potential (MAP) shortening after a step increase in drive frequency was determined at adjacent endocardial sites in the right ventricle of six patients without myocardial disease. ERP and MAP shortening occurred simultaneously. ERP shortening and MAP shortening were similar in time course in individuals, although the degree of shortening varied between individuals as the size of the step increase in pacing frequency varied. Shortening of both ERP and MAP was complete after a mean of 67 +/- 7.5 seconds. To allow group analysis, the percent change from baseline of action potential duration and ERP was calculated for each patient at intervals during adaptation and mean percent change for the group plotted against time from the beginning of the step rate increase. A mean step increase in pacing frequency of 49.3% of baseline for the group caused the ERP to shorten by a mean of 18.12%, and MAP90 by 17.43% of baseline. There was no significant difference (P = 0.05) between the action potential and ERP adaptation curves of the group. We conclude that in normal myocardium, there is a close relationship between shortening of ventricular ERP and action potential duration after a change in rate.