Abstract
Aim: To explore what is the relationship of the types of post-stroke aphasia with sex, age and stroke types. Methods: Retrospective analysis was administrated on data of 421 patients with acute stroke. Western battery aphasia was used to measure aphasiac type and aphasia quotient (AQ) score. The patients were divided into three age groups: young, middle-aged and elderly. The stroke types were classified into cerebral infraction (CI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Results: All subjects were right-handed, which males and females accounted for 69.60% and 30.40%, respectively. There were 116 cases of Broca’s aphasia (85 males), 35 cases of Wernicke’s aphasia (20 males), 15 cases of conductive aphasia (10 males), 63 cases of transcortical motor aphasia (50 males), 11 cases of transcortical sensory aphasia (8 males), 27 cases of transcortical combined aphasia (13 males), 73 cases of anomic aphasia (47 males) and 81 cases of global aphasia (60 males). Male patients (69.60%) have a significantly higher morbidity of aphasia than that of females (30.40%) after stroke (χ2 = 11.57, P = 0.003), especially those under 65 years old (73.38%). For people 65 years and older, the morbidity of female (42.97%) tends to increase with age. Sex has no significant influence on the types of aphasia (χ2 = 13.84, P = 0.054). Broca’s aphasia is the most common type inboth male and female (29.01%, 24.22%, respectively). The distribution of aphasic types has no obvious difference among three age groups (χ2 = 14.94, P= 0.382). Aphasia induced by CI (306 cases) is more common than that by ICH (115 cases), but there was no difference in distribution of types of aphasia (χ2 = 13.23, P = 0.067). Conclusions: Male patients have a significantly higher level of morbidity of aphasia than females after stroke and a lower average age of onset than females. Broca’s aphasia is the most common one in both male and female. Broca’s aphasia, global and anomic aphasia are the most common aphasic types in both CI and ICH patients, except the female with ICH.
Highlights
About 82.37% of stroke patients suffer from speech disorder [1]
Inclusion Criteria 1) The diagnosis of stroke accorded with the criteria [11] of the Fourth National Cerebralvascular Conference and was confirmed by the computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); 2) The patients were from inpatients of neurology department; 3) Their native language was Chinese language; 4) Patients had clear consciousness and could cooperate; 5) The degree of formal education was above the elementary school, intelligence was normal prior to the onset of stroke, and there was no the history of mental illness; 6) There was no speech disorder before the onset, whether the stroke was Initial or repeated; 7) Aphasia quotient (AQ) scores calculated by the Western battery aphasia were less than 93.8
Exclusion Criteria 1) Patients had speech disorders, while CT or MRI images could not support the diagnosis of cerebral infraction or intracerebral hemorrhage; 2) They had a consciousness disturbance and could not cooperate; 3) They had speech disorders before the onset of stroke, or combined with other diseases which could affect the speech; 4) They combined with cognitive dysfunction such as dementia and mental disorder; 5) They combined with severe liver, kidney or other medical diseases and audio-visual and comprehensive difficulties; 6) His or her aphasia quotient (AQ) scores was more than 93.8
Summary
About 82.37% of stroke patients suffer from speech disorder [1]. The patients of aphasia, as one kind of speech disorder, have a prevalence of 30.25% - 42.4% [1]-[4] in stroke patients. Aphasia has heavily influenced the life quality of patients and is one of the most important indicators to evaluate the patients’ social outcomes [5]. Previous studies [6]-[10] have shown that many factors can affect the types of aphasia, such as lesion location, types of stroke, age, sex, and intervals between the onset and examination. This study aims to further analyze the distribution of aphasia types in post-stroke aphasia patients and explore the relationship of the types of aphasia with sex, age and stroke types
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