Relationship of insomnia, stress, and anxiety with shift work among nurses in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Abstract

Background and Aim: Insomnia, stress, and anxiety affect the mental wellbeing and distorts the work-life balance of health workers influencing their performance at work. This study aimed to assess the relationship of shift work with insomnia, anxiety, and stress among nurses in a tertiary care hospital in Bahrain. Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design. Our study population was 345 nurses in a major tertiary care hospital in Bahrain. The sample was selected based on the population probability to size method. Nurses completed a questionnaire that contained items, including sociodemographic data, Bergen’s Insomnia Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Shift Work Disorder scale. Results: The prevalence of insomnia was highest (85.7%) in the youngest nurses (20 to 30 years), Bahrainis (92.2%), nurses working in Surgical (85.5%) and Pediatrics (80.0%) departments, with 1 to 5 years of shift work experience (81.0%), and 1 to 3 night shifts a month (92.0%). Nurses with very high levels of stress were between the ages of 20-30 years, Bahrainis, had a B.Sc. degree, were in the Pediatrics Department, worked for 4 to 6-night shifts per month, and did not consume caffeinated drinks (p