Relationship of Economic Communications and Productive Consumption: Theoretical Aspect

Abstract

The article examines the formation and development of the theory of economic behavior as one of the basic theories of modern economic science. The authors studied the features of approaches to the study of the behavior of economic agents from the point of view of representatives of the Austrian neoclassical school, Keynesian economic theory, the Russian economic and mathematical school of the late XIX - early XX centuries, monetarism, and the modern Russian economic and mathematical school. The authors revealed a limited heuristic value of the studied approaches. The authors revealed a dichotomy of the theory of behavior of an economic agent and proved that it is a methodological problem, since it contradicts the principle of methodological atomism, according to which an economic agent should be a single and indivisible basic “particle” of the economic system. It has been established that modern economic theory cannot overcome the neoclassical dichotomy “producer – consumer”, which contradicts the principle of methodological atomism and therefore is a methodological problem. The producer – consumer dichotomy is partially solved with the help of theoretical tools such as the equilibrium approach and the balance method, but this is not a methodological solution.