Abstract
Cytokines are important mediators of inflammatory and immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in cytokines concentration (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) and serum advanced glycation end products (sAGEs) in senile diabetics with or without cataract and non-diabetic patients with cataract. The study included 124 subjects (sixty or over sixty years age), distributed as four groups thirty senile diabetic patients with cataract (Group I) (16 female and 14 male), thirty senile non-diabetic patients with cataract (Group II) (15 female and 15 male), thirty three senile diabetic patients without any complication (Group III) (16 female and 17 male), thirty one apparently normal healthy individuals (Group IV) (16 female and 15 male), age, sex and weight matched with senile control subjects were investigated. Patients were selected on clinical grounds from Eye Ward Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in Group I and III as compared to Group II and IV. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum fructosamine, malondialdehyde (MDA), sAGEs, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in Group I as compared to Group II and the levels were almost same in Group II and IV. There was a significant decrease in serum vitamin E and total antioxidant status (p< 0.001) in Group I and Group III as compared to Group II and Group IV. The results of the present study thus demonstrated that levels increased in both condition but are more severe in diabetic patients with cataract that may be a predictor for cataractogenesis and the levels were almost same in Group II and IV.
Highlights
Data showed no significant difference between Group II and Group IV blood levels
(24) Previous studies have suggested that the clinical forms of late complications seem to be the same with aging or with diabetes, it has not been established whether the pathogenic factors involved in the development of the late complications are common and, if so, to what extent. [25, 26] The subjects selected in our study belong to senile group with same age, weight, height and equal number of male and female subjects with or without diabetes
Altered endothelial permeability and diminished peripheral blood flow may limit insulin delivery and promote insulin resistance in metabolically active tissues. [31, 32] Studies conducted by many others showed increase tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in cataract lens that activates NFkappa B signal pathway that is involved in cataractogenesis. [33, 34]
Summary
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in cytokines concentration (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) and serum advanced glycation end products (sAGEs) in senile diabetics with or without cataract and non-diabetic patients with cataract. Results: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in Group I and III as compared to Group II and IV. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum fructosamine, malondialdehyde (MDA), sAGEs, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in Group I as compared to Group II and the levels were almost same in Group II and IV. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that levels increased in both condition but are more severe in diabetic patients with cataract that may be a predictor for cataractogenesis and the levels were almost same in Group II and IV.
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