RELATIONSHIP OF BLAST CELL IMMUNOPHENOTYPE WITH REMISSION IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Introduction. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disease of the blood system that occurs as a result of mutations in the genome of hematopoietic progenitor cells. As a result of mutations, the linear differentiation of hematopoietic cells is replaced by the proliferation of malignant myeloid progenitors. Currently, the risk group for AML in children is determined mainly by the presence of specific gene and chromosomal abnormalities and an increased level of peripheral blood leukocytes. The features of the immunophenotype of blast cells can also influence the course of the disease.The aim of the work is to assess the relationship between the immunophenotypic parameters of blast cells and the probability of achieving remission in children with AML.Materials and methods. The study included 109 patients aged 3 months to 17 years who received treatment according to the AML BFM 87, AML BFM 2004, NII DOG AML 2007 и NII DOG AML 2012 protocol in the period from 1991 to 2020.Results. The study showed the relationship between the probability of achieving remission and the presence of markers CD33, CD19 and CD14 on tumor cells. Expression of lymphoid antigen CD19 on blasts was associated with a higher rate of remission (73.0 % vs 95.5 %, p = 0.027). The absence of the linearly associated myeloid marker CD33 negatively correlated with the remission rate (61.1 % vs 87.7 %, p = 0.007). In the presence of monocyte antigen CD14 on blasts, the probability of achieving remission was low (95 % vs 50 %, p = 0.013).Conclusion. Characteristics of the immunophenotype of tumor cells in AML in children are associated with the probability of achieving remission.