Relationship between Urinary Alzheimer-Associated Neuronal Thread Protein and Apolipoprotein Epsilon 4 Allele in the Cognitively Normal Population.

Yuxia Li,Can Sheng,Rong Wang,Guanqun Chen,Ying Han,Taoran Li,Jun Wang,Meimei Kang,Yanning Cai

doi:10.1155/2020/9742138

Yuxia Li, Can Sheng + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9742138

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Abstract

We investigated the relationship between urinary Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) levels and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (ApoE ɛ4) alleles, as well as other factors that cause cognitive decline, in the cognitively normal population. We recruited 329 cognitively normal right-handed Han Chinese subjects who completed ApoE gene testing and urinary AD7c-NTP testing. There was no significant difference in urinary AD7c-NTP levels between the normal control and subjective cognitive decline groups. Urinary AD7c-NTP levels were significantly higher in subjects with ApoE ɛ3/4 and 4/4 [0.6074 (0.6541) ng/mL] than in subjects without ApoE ɛ4 [0.4368 (0.3392) ng/mL and 0.5287 (0.3656) ng/mL], and urinary AD7c-NTP levels positively correlated with ApoE genotype grade (r = 0.165, p = 0.003). There were significant differences in urinary AD7c-NTP levels between subjects with and without a history of coronary heart disease or diabetes. Urinary AD7c-NTP levels were not related to years of education, nature of work, family history of dementia, a history of hypertension, stroke, anemia, or thyroid dysfunction. Urinary AD7c-NTP levels were positively correlated with ApoE grade in the cognitively normal population. The relationship between risk factors of cognitive decline and urinary AD7c-NTP levels provides a new way for us to understand AD and urinary AD7c-NTP.

Highlights

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60%–80% of all dementia, and imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden on society and families [1,2,3,4]
In the absence of curative treatments once the disease has progressed to AD dementia, primary prevention and early diagnosis in the preclinical stage of AD have been the main research focuses in recent years [5]
The inclusion criteria for Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) included Han Chinese nationality; right-handedness; older than 60 years; decline in memory as the primary symptom, rather than in any other cognitive domain; sustained cognitive decline in self-perception, independent of acute events, as compared with the previous healthy state; continuous concerns or worries associated with memory loss; cognitive function reported to be worse than that of others in the same age group; memory loss certified by an informed person; subject failed to meet the criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD [32, 33]

Summary

Introduction

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60%–80% of all dementia, and imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden on society and families [1,2,3,4]. In the absence of curative treatments once the disease has progressed to AD dementia, primary prevention and early diagnosis in the preclinical stage of AD have been the main research focuses in recent years [5]. It is crucial to explore early biomarkers of AD to enable the early diagnosis of this disease, with the ultimate aim of treating and preventing dementia in preclinical AD. Urinary AD7c-NTP, a peripheral biomarker for AD, is increased in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD [6,7,8,9]. Overexpression of AD7c-NTP is associated with neurite sprouting and cell death, which is reflected in AD neurodegeneration [11]. Recent research suggests that urinary AD7c-NTP is increased in hypertensive patients with

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