Abstract
Urban populations today are exposed to high levels of noise, which may cause discomfort and lead to health problems. Most of these noises are traffic-generated; therefore, this study focuses on evaluating the soundscapes of urban open spaces to determine its importance for the health of the citizen, since such spaces can function as noise attenuators. The methodology of this study involved a literature review, computer simulations and interviews with users of the aforementioned open spaces. The case study was conducted in an urban area in the city of Vitoria, state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. The results indicate that, in the period of this study, traffic noise dissipated through open spaces but noise levels still exceeded the maximum allowable levels established by regulations. Nevertheless, the population proved to be largely unaware of the noise. It should be pointed out that the areas under study are used predominantly as recreational spaces for health and wellbeing activities. The findings of this study may serve to underpin urban planning policies that encourage the inclusion of open spaces, especially in areas of high urban density where the transport system consists of motor vehicles, in order to help control urban noise.
Highlights
One of the most democratic ways in which urban space is used for health and well-being related activities in cities takes place in public areas
Urban populations today are exposed to high levels of noise, which may cause discomfort and lead to health problems. Most of these noises are traffic-generated; this study focuses on evaluating the soundscapes of urban open spaces to determine its importance for the health of the citizen, since such spaces can function as noise attenuators
The findings of this study may serve to underpin urban planning policies that encourage the inclusion of open spaces, especially in areas of high urban density where the transport system consists of motor vehicles, in order to help control urban noise
Summary
One of the most democratic ways in which urban space is used for health and well-being related activities in cities takes place in public areas. Such areas—in the form of squares or open spaces—have been used since ancient times. Paneto et al 46 for meetings and discussions of matters of interest to the community. Over time, their function has undergone modifications and their shapes have been adapted to reflect sociocultural evolution and economic relations. Water pollution is perceived by smell and vision, as well as air pollution by gaseous emissions
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