Relationship Between Transvaginal Ultrasound Endometrial Thickness, Body Mass Index And Endometrial Pathology In Women With Post-Menopausal Bleeding

Abstract

Background: Pathologies that cause postmenopausal bleeding may be benign or malignant. The body mass index (BMI) is one of the most accurate indicators of obesity when it comes to predicting endometrial cancer risk. Post-menopausal bleeding can be assessed using both transvaginal ultrasound and histopathology. Aim of the work: In women who are suffering postmenopausal bleeding, Is there a connection between endometrial thickness, BMI and endometrial pathology as measured by transvaginal ultrasonography? Patients and Methods: In our prospective cohort sample, 50 patients with postmenopausal bleeding were recruited from Al-Hussein University Hospital's gynecology outpatient. All patients had postmenopausal bleeding and were subjected to BMI measurements, transvaginal ultrasound assessment of the endometrium and the results correlated to the histopathological presentation of the endometrium. Results: The average age was 59.16±5.30 years, with a range of 46–75 years. At menopausal time, the average age was 49.95±4.21, the BMI ranged from 25.5 to 34.7, the parity ranged from nullipara to 8, the median was 4, and the mean endometrial thickness (mm) was 18.98±6.95. According to histopathology, the number of Hyperplasia cases was (29 cases, 58.0%), Proliferative (10 cases, 20.0%), Atrophic (6 cases, 12.0%) and Malignancy (5 cases, 10.0%). Patients with endometrial carcinoma had a higher BMI and endometrial thickness than those with benign endometrial pathology, according to the report. Conclusion: Endometrial carcinoma is linked to obesity. To rule out the risk of malignancy, all overweight patients with postmenopausal bleeding should be thoroughly tested.