Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between total and segmental bone mineral density (BDM) and physical activity (PA) in different domains (school, leisure and sports) among adolescents and children. Cross-sectional study in the Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP). The study sample consisted of 173 children and adolescents (10.31 ± 1.87 years). The BMDs for the whole body (WB) and the regions of the trunk and legs were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). PA was measured using the Baecke questionnaire. A regression model was used to analyze the relationship between all the BMDs and the different domains of PA. 41.5% of the adolescents had high percentages of body fat. Regarding the comparison between physically active and insufficiently active adolescents, there were no statistically significant differences in any BMD variables (P > 0.05). The BMD of the legs showed positive relationships with the total PA (β = 0.009; P = 0.013) and sports PA (β = 0.010; P = 0.049) after insertion of the confounders. Similarly, the WB BMD showed the same relationships (total PA: β = 0.005; P = 0.045; and sports PA: β = 0.008; P = 0.049). No relationship was found between leisure and school PA and any of the BMDs (P > 0.05). The results indicated that practice of sport was related to higher BMD values, independent of sex, age and body fatness.
Highlights
Development of human tissue, including bone tissue, is determined by biological events during childhood and adolescence.[1]
Regarding the total physical activity (PA), which was the sum of the three PA domains, we found positive relationships with leg Bone mineral density (BMD) (β = 0.009; 95% CI = 0.002-0.016; P = 0.013) and whole body (WB) BMD
After adjusting for confounding variables, the analysis showed that sports practice had a positive relationship with total and segmental BMD, and with total PA analyzed as the sum of the three different PA domains
Summary
Development of human tissue, including bone tissue, is determined by biological events during childhood and adolescence.[1] Bone mineral density (BMD) represents the amount of inorganic material (calcium and phosphorus) stored in the bones, which varies over the course of life It can be measured either for the whole body or in segments.[1,2] Low BMD values are related to development of osteoporosis, mainly in later life, and in pediatric populations.[2] Bone health in adulthood is determined by bone development over the course of early life, which can be affected by a large variety of variables, such as genetics, nutrition, hormone action, biological maturation and physical activity (PA).[3,4]. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between total and segmental bone mineral density (BDM) and physical activity (PA) in different domains (school, leisure and sports) among adolescents and children. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that practice of sport was related to higher BMD values, independent of sex, age and body fatness
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