Abstract
Absorption and reduced scattering coefficients were measured between 400 and 1050nm for ‘Royal Gala’ apples using the inverse adding-doubling technique. Relationships between penetrometer, acoustic firmness and the optical properties are identified. Carotenoid (400–500nm), and to a lesser extent chlorophyll-a (680nm), absorptions were found to correlate with penetrometer firmness, with correlation coefficients equal to −0.69 and 0.52 respectively. The reduced scattering coefficient across all wavelengths increased as fruit softened. An average correlation coefficient of −0.68 was found between the reduced scattering coefficient (550–900nm) and penetrometer firmness. No correlation was found between the AWETA acoustic firmness and either of the optical properties. A correction was developed to improve the correlation between penetrometer firmness and carotenoid absorption. This compensated for errors introduced by light loss in the inverse adding-doubling system and improved the correlation from −0.68 to −0.78.
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