Relationship between the Incidence of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and Gestatinal Age as a Risk Factor

Abstract

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) or neonatal jaundice is characterized by elevated serum levels of total bilirubin in the blood and yellow color of the baby's skin, sclera, and mucous membranes. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can cause mild-moderate-severe neurological disorders, up to death, if left untreated. The incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) in Indonesia in 2016 reached 51.47% of cases where 33.3% of the total NH cases were related to prematurity. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of NH in RSAB Harapan Kita This research is a type of quantitative analytical research with a cross sectional approach. The study population is babies born at RSAB Harapan Kita for the period January 2022 – December 2022. Using a random sampling technique with the slovin formula and a margin of error of 5%, a sample of 315 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, statistical analysis was carried out using the chi-square test. As many as 158 (50.2%) babies born at RSAB Harapan Kita experienced NH with the most results of female babies (54.4%), aged 24-48 hours (48.1%), low birth weight (57%), and premature gestational age (67.7%). Bivariate analysis of the association of gestational age with NH incidence has a significance value of <0.001 which proves a significant association. Conclusions: There is a significant association between preterm gestational age and NH incidence