Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurs more often among people with a low sociodemographic status, so it is worth knowing if any sociodemographic factor also has an impact on diet quality, defined by glycemic load (GL). Assessment of the relationship between the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, health status self-assessment and dietary GL of the adult Polish population based on WOBASZ II study results. The study included a representative group of the Polish population aged ≥20 years (2,554 men and 3,136 women). A 24-hour dietary recall was collected to assess the dietary intake. The total GL was calculated by summing the GL values of the consumed food. The average GL/1,000 kcal was significantly higher in women's than in men's diets (74.0 ±15.9 vs 71.2 ±15.7). Dietary GL/1,000 kcal increased with age (men: aged <35 - 70.3 and aged ≥65 - 73.9, women: 73.5 and 76.5, respectively). The lowest dietary GL/1,000 kcal was found among people living in large population centers. Dietary GL/1,000 kcal decreased with education level (men with primary, secondary and higher education: 73.4, 69.5 and 68.9, respectively, and women: 76.7, 73.4 and 70.9, respectively). Dietary GL decreased as an income increased. The highest GL/1,000 kcal was observed in the diets of participants who performed less physical activity. The highest GL/1,000 kcal was observed in the participants who defined their health status as very poor/poor and the lowest among those who defined their health status as good/very good. Nutritional education about the proper selection of products that are sources of carbohydrates in the diet should be addressed mainly to people with low sociodemographic status, such as: people in the older age group, living in small population centers, and with lower levels of education and lower income. It should also be directed to people with a lower level of physical activity. Greater awareness of the choices of carbohydrate products is recommended to improve diet quality in these groups of people.
Highlights
IntroductionThe European Society of Cardiology has emphasized that low socioeconomic status as well as other psychosocial factors (e.g., lack of social support, stress at work and in family life, depression, anxiety) increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and contribute to a worse prognosis of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment.[1]
The European Society of Cardiology has emphasized that low socioeconomic status as well as other psychosocial factors increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and contribute to a worse prognosis of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment.[1]
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurs more often among people with a low sociodemographic status, so it is worth knowing if any sociodemographic factor has an impact on diet quality, defined by glycemic load (GL)
Summary
The European Society of Cardiology has emphasized that low socioeconomic status as well as other psychosocial factors (e.g., lack of social support, stress at work and in family life, depression, anxiety) increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and contribute to a worse prognosis of CVD treatment.[1]. Taking into account the fact that an unhealthy diet is one of the risk factors for the development of CVD, it is worth knowing what sociodemographic factors have an impact on diet quality. Kwaśniewska et al, based on results obtained in the Multi-centre National Population Health Examination Survey in Poland (Project WOBASZ), observed that sociodemographic factors associated with fruit and vegetable consumption included: gender, age, place of residence, and health status self-assessment.[4] Other authors showed that factors such as gender, age and level of education had a significant impact on the nutritional value of the diets of people residing in Świętokrzyskie voivodeship.[5]. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurs more often among people with a low sociodemographic status, so it is worth knowing if any sociodemographic factor has an impact on diet quality, defined by glycemic load (GL)
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