Abstract
The relationship between urolithiasis and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants is still under debate according to the available published literature. To assess correlations between VDR gene variants ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), and TaqI (rs731236) and urolithiasis susceptibility, we performed the present study through meta-analysis. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Wanfang databases were searched to retrieve qualified case-control studies. Finally, 31 reports were selected for the present meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that the VDR gene TaqI TT genotype was related to decreased risk of urolithiasis in the overall population (TT vs. Tt+tt: P = 0.011, OR = 0.824, 95% CI = 0.709–0.957). In ethnicity subgroup analysis, we found that the TaqI variant was obviously correlated to urolithiasis risk among Asians and Caucasians (P < 0.05). Additionally, significant urolithiasis risk was identified in adults. However, the FokI, BsmI, and ApaI variants did not have an increased risk of developing urolithiasis. Trial sequential analysis results were on a sufficiently large number of participants and did not require more research to confirm associations. Our research suggested that the VDR gene variant TaqI was correlated with urolithiasis susceptibility and that the t-allele might be the risk gene and T-allele the protective gene in VDR TaqI variant.
Highlights
Urolithiasis is a disease with a prevalence rate of 1 to 5% around the world, and relapse is common after treatment
We found that a significant protective association was observed between urolithiasis susceptibility and the TaqI TT genotype in the overall population (TT vs. Tt+tt: P = 0.011, odds ratio (OR) = 0.824, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.709–0.957; Figure 2A and Table 3)
Twelve studies (1,481 cases and 1,477 controls) considering the relationship between susceptibility to urolithiasis and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI variant were selected for this study. In this meta-analysis, we found that VDR BsmI variant was not correlated with urolithiasis susceptibility in the overall population (BB vs. bb: P = 0.745, OR = 0.957, 95% CI 0.734–1.247; Figure 3B and Table 3)
Summary
Urolithiasis is a disease with a prevalence rate of 1 to 5% around the world, and relapse is common after treatment. VDR gene variants are thought to be related to susceptibility to urolithiasis. On account of the location of the gene, the influence of each variant can be different; for example, BsmI and TaqI variants can influence the translation efficiency and/or stability of the RNA, but they do not modify the structure of the VDR protein (Miyazawa and Suzuki, 2011). Variants of VDR have been found to be a significant risk factor for urolithiasis (Rivers et al, 2000; Stamatelou et al, 2003). More and more epidemiologic investigations are centered on the relationship between urolithiasis risk and VDR gene variants, but the conclusions remain controversial (Aji et al, 2012; Cakir et al, 2016; Huang et al, 2019). This metaanalysis was carried out to investigate whether susceptibility to urolithiasis was correlated to the VDR gene variants on the basis of widely collected investigations
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