Abstract
SummarySerious damage caused by cold has frequently been reported from several countries where olives are grown. Following the 1985 frost in central Italy (−20°C to −25°C), a widespread survey was carried out into the damage suffered by the cultivars on three sites in Tuscany. The cultivars were classified as hardy, semi-hardy and not-hardy. The numbers of stornata in the leaves of cultivars rated as hardy were significantly lower than those of cultivars rated not-hardy. Stomatal numbers of the one clone in the intermediate class fell within the range of counts of the hardy and not-hardy cultivars. The numbers of stornata, influenced at times by their position on the leaves (apex, central and base), may well constitute a simple and effective selection criterion for screening olive plants for winter hardiness.
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