Relationship between Social Skills and Happiness: Differences by Gender.

Carlos Salavera,Pablo Usán

doi:10.3390/ijerph18157929

Carlos Salavera, Pablo Usán

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157929

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Abstract

This study examines the relationship between social skills and happiness in 1st-year Teaching School students, as well as possible gender differences. The sample comprised 243 Teaching School students (Primary Education) in Zaragoza, including 110 men (45.27%) and 133 women (54.73%), aged 18–25 (average age 20.23 years; s.d. = 1.586). In order to analyse the relationship between social skills and subjective happiness, the Scale of Social Skills and Subjective Happiness Scale were used. While men scored higher in all social skills-related factors, women scored higher in all factors related to happiness. The study shows that factors such as self-expression in social settings and the ability to say no and cut off social interactions have a direct and significant effect on happiness among men, while self-expression in social settings and the ability to express anger led to a higher perception of happiness among women. Similarly, situations such as asking for and defending rights have an indirect and significant effect in men, reducing their levels of happiness. In the case of women, no social skills factors were found that led to lower happiness. It may be concluded that significant gender differences exist, although broader and lateral studies are needed in order to examine the relationship between gender identities, social skills and subjective happiness more in depth, and thus, understand the effect of these constructs in the development of personality.

Highlights

Social skills are acquired mainly through learning, and include both verbal and non-verbal behaviours
It may be concluded that significant gender differences exist, broader and lateral studies are needed in order to examine the relationship between gender identities, social skills and subjective happiness more in depth, and understand the effect of these constructs in the development of personality
The results suggest that gender differences exist; men yielded higher scores in all variables concerned with social skills, and women higher scores in happiness-related variables

Summary

Introduction

Social skills are acquired mainly through learning (observation, imitation, information, rehearsal. . . ), and include both verbal and non-verbal behaviours. ), and include both verbal and non-verbal behaviours They suppose effective and appropriate initiatives and responses; they serve to increase social reinforcement [1]. They can establish competent social relationships with others, and perform a reinforcing role, standing as a model for those with whom they interact. They fit in social settings, seamlessly collecting information during social interactions while gratifying those with whom they interact. These people are generally labelled as extroverted, assertive and socially able. Relations with others allow individuals to find a place in different social groups and contexts, and play a role in reinforcing their own personality [2,3]

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