Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the impact of pre-competition sleep quality on the mood and performance of elite air-rifle shooters.MethodsElite shooters who participated in an air-rifle shooting-competition from April 2019 to October 2019 were evaluated using actigraphy, including Total Sleep Time (TST), Sleep Efficiency (SE), Sleep Latency (SL), Wake-time after Sleep Onset (WASO). Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Profile of Mood State (POMS). Mood state was assessed by Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2.ResultsStudy included 23 shooters, of them 13 male and 10 female with the mean age 23.11 ± 4.82 years. The average time to fall asleep was 20.6 ± 14.9 min, TST was 7.0 ± 0.8 h and SE was 85.9 ± 5.3%. Average sleep quality was 5.2 ± 2.2 and tended to decrease as the competition progressed. Pre-competition sleep time in female athletes was significantly higher compared to the competition day (P = 0.05). Pre-competition SL was significantly longer in women than in men (P = 0.021). During training and pre-competition, the tension, fatigue, depression, and emotional disturbance were significantly lower in athletes with good sleep quality. Athletes with good sleep quality had significantly more energy. The PSQI total score positively correlated with cognitive anxiety (r = 0.471, P < 0.01), and somatic anxiety (r = 0.585, P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with energy (− 0.504, P < 0.01) and self-confidence scores (r = − 0.523, P < 0.01).ConclusionPoor sleep quality negatively impacted the mood of athletes; however, sleep indices and competition performance of athletes during competitions were not significantly correlated.
Highlights
To evaluate the impact of pre-competition sleep quality on the mood and performance of elite air-rifle shooters
Total Sleep Time (TST) was 7.0 ± 0.8 h, sleep efficiency was 85.9 ± 5.3%, subjective sleep quality was 5.2 ± 2.2, and there was no obvious difference between bedtime and waking-up time during the training and competition stages (Fig. 1 and Table 1)
Sleep-onset time, total time in bed, TST, Sleep Efficiency (SE), and Wake-time after Sleep Onset (WASO) changed during the different stages
Summary
To evaluate the impact of pre-competition sleep quality on the mood and performance of elite air-rifle shooters. Research has shown that good sleep quality is important for better physical and emotional recovery of athletes, which, in turn, ensures excellent performance [1]. Sleep time and sleep quality are considered to be the key factors affecting athletic ability, recovery after exercise, and sports performance [5]. Good sleep plays an important role in the sports performance, energy recovery, disease damage control, metabolism, Lu et al BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation (2022) 14:32 cognitive memory, and emotional health of elite athletes, allowing the ability for better physical and emotional recovery [10]. Sleep monitoring and regulation have become important aspects of the pre-competition preparation and regimen of athletes
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