Relationship between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Blood Pressure Levels in Patients Coming to Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Many studies have shown that high circulating uric acid (UA) levels lead to both hypertension and cardiovascular complications, leading to poor patient prognosis. People with metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is closely linked to hypertension, also tend to have high SUA levels. SUA levels elevate due to metS and hypertension share common pathophysiological features, so it has been difficult to confirm their involvement in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this present study is to find out the association between the uric acid and blood pressure levels in both male and female patients of different age groups. Methods: It was 18 months, single-centered, cross-sectional study, conducted in the department of General Medicine, at National institute of medical sciences and research hospital. Blood samples were collected from 140 participants of both genders attending the department of Medicine with hypertensive and pre-hypertensive stages to analyze serum uric acid (SUA) level and lipid profile. The potential relationship between SUA and BP was assessed by descriptive statistics for analyzing quartiles and odd ratio. Results: Among 140 hypertensive patients, 66 of them were in the 61-80 age groups. Twenty percent of patients were under the age of 20 and one percent was over 87 years of age. 40 patients with pre-hypertension, 28 (70%) of patients having elevated SUA level, while 100 of patients with hypertension, 59(59%) of having elevated SUA level. It had also been found that the diagnosis duration of hypertension and hyperuricemia was causing the elevation of SUA levels in the patients. Conclusion: The present study indicates a direct relationship between SUA levels and hypertension. SUA levels were quite a bit higher in patients with hypertension in contrast to those with pre-hypertension, suggesting the severity of hypertension related to SUA levels.