Abstract
BackgroundInflammation is a common feature in the majority of cardiovascular disease, including Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Levels of pro-inflammatory markers have been found in increasing levels in serum from diabetic patients (DP). Moreover, levels of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are increased in coronary arteries from DP.MethodsThrough a cross-sectional design, patients who underwent CABG were recruited. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were cultured and COX-2 was measured by western blot. Biochemical and clinical data were collected from the medical record and by blood testing. COX-2 expression was analyzed in internal mammary artery cross-sections by confocal microscopy. Eventually, PGI2 and PGE2 were assessed from VSMC conditioned media by ELISA.ResultsOnly a high glucose concentration, but a physiological concentration of triglycerides exposure of cultured human VSMC derived from non-diabetic patients increased COX-2 expression .Diabetic patients showed increasing serum levels of glucose, Hb1ac and triglycerides. The bivariate analysis of the variables showed that triglycerides was positively correlated with the expression of COX-2 in internal mammary arteries from patients (r2 = 0.214, P < 0.04).ConclusionsWe conclude that is not the glucose blood levels but the triglicerydes leves what increases the expression of COX-2 in arteries from DP.
Highlights
Over the past two decades increases in obesity, due to high caloric intakes and immobilizing technologies, has led to a surge in type 2 diabetes
We found that triglycerides were elevated in diabetic patients (DP) whereas low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was lower (Table 2)
Since production of PGE2 has been associated with increasing levels of may induce the release of metalloproteinases (MMP)-9, we studied the correlation between COX-2 expression in the vasculature with the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)
Summary
Over the past two decades increases in obesity, due to high caloric intakes and immobilizing technologies, has led to a surge in type 2 diabetes. In obesity elevated circulating fatty acids set-off a pro-inflammatory cascade, a common feature with diabetes mellitus. Type 2 DM usually coexists with other risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia This scenario biomarkers including cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) [8]. Results from our group show that COX-2 expression is higher in internal mammary arteries from diabetic patients and this is closely related to increased expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 [12]. This mediates an increased proliferation/ apoptosis ratio in VSMC from diabetic patients and a subsequent pathologic vascular remodeling [13]. Levels of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are increased in coronary arteries from DP
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
