Relationship Between Serum Adiponectin and Plasma Fatty Acids Composition In Off-Shore (Rig) Workers In Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Abstract

The concentration and type of fat in the diet influence the development of obesity and related inflammatory activity. Knowledge of the possible influence of dietary habits on serum adiponectin, a molecule with putative anti-inflammatory properties, maybe helpful in preventing atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.The relationship between dietary fat (inferred from plasma fatty acid composition from gas-liquid chromatography) and serum adiponectin (measured by competitiveradioimmunoassay) was evaluated in 70 adult healthy offshore (Rig) workers.The proportion of saturated fatty acids in plasma was significantly associated with serum adiponectin (r = -0.23; P = 0.01).Specifically, percentage of palmitic acid (C16:0) was significantly associated with lower adiponectin concentration (r = -0.30; P = 0.001), particularly among women (r = -0.37; P =0.01) and non-smokers (r = -0.32; P = 0.005). Percentage of myristicacid (C14:0) was also significantly associated with lower adiponectin among non-smokers (r = -0.26; p = 0.02) and women (r = -0.40; P = 0.01).The other fatty acids were not significantlyassociated with adiponectin except for eicosanoic acid (C20:1 w-9), which was significantly and positively associated with serum adiponectin in all individuals (r = 0.22; P = 0.01). This latter association was most significant in smokers (r = 0.42; P = 0.006). In a multivariate regression analysis to predict serum circulating adiponectin, after controlling for age, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and the individual remaining fatty acids, the percentages of palmitic acid (P = 0.005) andeicosanoic acid (P = 0.02) contributed independently (8% and 5%, respectively) to adiponectin variance. Among non-smokers, the percentage of palmitic acid (p = 0.01) and w-3 fatty acids contributed 10% and 9% respectively, to adioponectin variance. Among smokers, the percentage of eicosanoic acid (P = 0.03) contributed to 12% of adiponectin variance, independently of body mass index, age, waist-to-hip ratio, and the remaining individual fatty acids.Saturated and w-3 fatty acids of dietary origin (inferred from plasma fatty acid composition) are associated with serum adiponectin concentration in healthy industrial (Rig) workers in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The proportion of eicosanoic acid also appears to be positively associated with serum adiponectin. The knowledge of how these interactions occur may be helpful in the planning of dietary measures aimed at the modulation of inflammatory activity.