Relationship between Physical Activity, Oxidative Stress, and Total Plasma Antioxidant Capacity in Spanish Children from the GENOBOX Study.

Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero,Rosaura Leis,Francisco Javier Aguilar-Gómez,Rocío Vázquez-Cobela,Luis A Moreno,Augusto Anguita-Ruiz,Concepción María Aguilera,Gloria Bueno,María Dolores Mesa,Mercedes Gil-Campos,Azahara I Rupérez,Ángel Gil

doi:10.3390/antiox10020320

Abstract

The World Health Organization has recommended performing at least 60 min a day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reducing sedentarism in children and adolescents to offer significant health benefits and mitigate health risks. Physical fitness and sports practice seem to improve oxidative stress (OS) status during childhood. However, to our knowledge, there are no data regarding the influence of objectively-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentarism on OS status in children and adolescents. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of moderate and vigorous PA and sedentarism on OS and plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in a selected Spanish population of 216 children and adolescents from the GENOBOX study. PA (light, moderate, and vigorous) and sedentarism (i.e., sedentary time (ST)) were measured by accelerometry. A Physical Activity-Sedentarism Score (PASS) was developed integrating moderate and vigorous PA and ST levels. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and isoprostane F2α (F2-IsoPs), as markers of OS, were determined by ELISA; and TAC was estimated by colorimetry using an antioxidant kit. A higher PASS was associated with lower plasma TAC and urinary 8-OHdG and F2-IsoPs, showing a better redox profile. Reduced OS markers (8-OHdG and F2-IsoPs) in children with higher PASS may diminish the need of maintaining high concentrations of antioxidants in plasma during rest to achieve redox homeostasis.

Highlights

Physical activity improves cardiorespiratory fitness and strengthens the musculoskeletal system, helping to maintain proper body composition, both in children and adolescents [1,2]
No differences were found for moderate physical activity, but it was closed to statistical significance
Our study showed that high active children, who performed 76 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on average and spent significantly less time being sedentary, presented lower levels of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), urinary F2 -IsoPs and 8-OHdG than moderately active children who performed a mean of MVPA of 55 min/day, close to the international recommendation

Summary

Introduction

Physical activity improves cardiorespiratory fitness and strengthens the musculoskeletal system, helping to maintain proper body composition, both in children and adolescents [1,2]. Physical activity practice seems to reduce lipid peroxidation and improve the antioxidant defense system, resulting in the maintenance of redox homeostasis [3]. Urinary isoprostanes and 8-hydroxy-20 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), among other body-oxidized compounds, are well-recognized biomarkers of oxidative stress, which have been found to be increased in several situations, including obesity, type. F2-8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, known as isoprostane F2 α (F2 -IsoPs), is generated by free radical-induced peroxidation of arachidonic acid and is currently regarded as one of the most reliable biomarkers of in vivo oxidative stress [6]. 8-OHdG is considered to be a biomarker of generalized cellular oxidative stress [7]; it can be determined in urine with good reproducibility and recovery of untimed samples [8]

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