Relationship between periodontal parameters and non-vital pulp in dental clinic patients: a cross-sectional study

Tomotaka Kato,Ryutaro Kuraji,Yukihiro Numabe,Natsuki Fujiwara

doi:10.1186/s12903-020-01103-9

Abstract

BackgroundEndodontic diseases, such as apical periodontitis, communicate with periodontitis and mutually exacerbate them. However, it remains unclear whether pulp condition is a risk factor for periodontal disease. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine relations between pulp condition and periodontal parameters in Japanese patients who visited a general dental clinic.MethodsPatients who visited a Japanese general dental clinic from 2016 to 2018 and aged 18 to 81 years were analyzed. Periodontal parameters, tooth condition, and general status of all teeth excluding third molars at the initial visit to the clinic were abstracted. A total of 7105 teeth were analyzed in this study by multiple classification analysis and the Mann–Whitney U test. We also performed a sub-analysis of non-vital teeth, which evaluated the presence or absence of unfavorable root canal obturation and apical periodontitis diagnosed by X-ray.ResultsSignificant relations between periodontal parameters and non-vital pulp were observed by multiple logistic regression analyses (odds ratio = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.03–2.14) and multiple linear regression analysis (p < 0.001). Significant relations between unfavorable root canal obturation tooth with periodontal pocket depth (p = 0.00837) and BOP (p = 0.0145) were also observed by the Mann–Whitney U test.ConclusionsWe demonstrated potential relations between periodontal disease and non-vital pulp.

Highlights

Endodontic diseases, such as apical periodontitis, communicate with periodontitis and mutually exacerbate them
Study population A total of 267 participants and 7105 teeth were analyzed by multiple classification analysis
Sex, smoking history, diabetes mellitus, tooth type, prosthesis, moving score, bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque, and non-vital pulp were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.001)

Summary

Introduction

Endodontic diseases, such as apical periodontitis, communicate with periodontitis and mutually exacerbate them It remains unclear whether pulp condition is a risk factor for periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a common public health concern with prevalences ranging from 40 to 60% [1]. It is one of the etiological factors contributing to tooth loss [2] that is related to an individual’s quality of life [3] and many systemic diseases [4,5,6,7]. The prevalence of severe periodontitis is increased in patients who have had diabetes mellitus for a long time and poorly-controlled disease [11]. Experience of caries is reported as a risk factor for periodontitis [12]

Methods

Results

Conclusion