Relationship between nutritional status, vitamin A administration, immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of respiratory infections in toddlers aged 0-59 months in the working area of the Nambo Health Center, Kendari City, 2023

Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an infectious disease that is often experienced by toddlers. Several efforts can be made to reduce the risk of ARI, Including nutritional status, administration of vitamin A, immunization status, and exclusive breastfeeding. The incidence of ARI in toddlers in the working area of ​​the Nambo Health Center, Kendari City, is one of the most common diseases compared to other diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status, administration of vitamin A, immunization status, and exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of ARI in toddlers aged 0-59 months. Method: Quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The sample in this study were toddlers aged 0-59 months totaling 254 respondents obtained by accidental sampling technique. Nutritional status is assessed based on anthropometric data in the form of body weight/age and is interpreted with a Z-score according to WHO standards. Data was collected from respondents using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with the chi-square statistical test. Result: that most of the infants aged 0-59 months had normal nutritional status 87.0%, incomplete vitamin A administration 53.1%, incomplete immunization status 56.7%, exclusive breastfeeding was not given 55.9%, and most toddlers 0-59 months suffer from ISPA incidence of 57.1%. Analysis of the variable relationship obtained a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05) that statistically there was no significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of ARI, there was a significant relationship between vitamin A administration, immunization status and exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of ARI in toddlers 0 -59 months in the working area of ​​the Nambo Health Center. Conclusion: There is no relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of ARI, there is a relationship between vitamin A administration and the incidence of ARI, there is a relationship between the immunization status and the incidence of ARI, there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of ARI.