Abstract
Background: Dietary interventions are recommended for the prevention of hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the relationship between alcohol consumption and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) score with blood pressure (BP) stratified by gender. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were performed using data from 2105 adults from the ESTEBAN survey, a representative sample of the French population. Pearson correlation analyses were used to assess the correlation between the DASH score and alcohol with BP. Regressions were adjusted by age, treatment, socio-economic level, tobacco, exercise, Body mass index (BMI), and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. Results: The DASH score was negatively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) (p < 0.0001). Alcohol was positively associated with increased BP only in men. The worst quintile of the DASH score was associated with an 1.8 mmHg increase in SBP and an 0.6 mmHg increase in SBP compared to the greatest quintile in men and with a 1.5 mmHg increase in SBP and an 0.4 mmHg increase in SBP in women. Male participants in the worst quintile of alcohol consumption showed an increase of 3.0 mmHg in SBP and 0.8 mmHg in DBP compared to those in the greatest quintile. Conclusion: A high DASH score and a reduction in alcohol consumption could be effective nutritional strategies for the prevention of hypertension.
Highlights
The prevalence of noncommunicable diseases has spread alarmingly around the world in both sexes and among all age subgroups [1]
Previous studies have shown that the Dietary Approaches toStop Hypertension (DASH) diet lowers BP in those who normally have high blood pressure (BP) and has been recommended for the prevention and treatment of hypertension [4,5,6,7]
BP levels and CV risk events or to avoid side effects related to chronic drug use
Summary
The prevalence of noncommunicable diseases has spread alarmingly around the world in both sexes and among all age subgroups [1]. Hypertension, one of the most important risk factors of noncommunicable diseases, is a major global public health problem affecting more than 30% of adults worldwide [2]. The major treatments prescribed for hypertension are dietary interventions, exercise, and medication [3]. Stop Hypertension (DASH) is a widely used dietary intervention for hypertension and is recommended by the American Heart Association. Previous studies have shown that the DASH diet lowers BP in those who normally have high blood pressure (BP) and has been recommended for the prevention and treatment of hypertension [4,5,6,7]. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the relationship between alcohol consumption and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) score with blood pressure (BP) stratified by gender.
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