Relationship between natural or iatrogenic malocclusions and temporomandibular disorders: A case control study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the link between malocclusions and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with a focus on iatrogenic malocclusion. Other etiologies of TMD (oral parafunctions) were also assessed. Methods The prevalence of malocclusions was correlated in two groups: patients with TMD (case group) and patients without TMD (control group). Malocclusions involving dental care were specified. Parafunctions in the case group were assessed. Results A statistically significant association between TMD and overbite >4 mm, interferences in laterotrusion, and absence of Angle Class I was shown. A potential deleterious effect of iatrogenic malocclusions was highlighted. Conclusion The multifactorial etiology of TMD was confirmed because an association between TMD and three malocclusions was found, and all case patients had parafunction(s). Current recommendations advising first a reversible treatment, TMD care should start with a behavioral re-education to remove parafunctions. However, it is essential to avoid creating iatrogenic malocclusion during dental care.