Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This research aims to develop a measurement model to assess an relationship between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) progression and health behavior changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical records of selected patients attending checkup clinics of a private hospital from 2006 - 2017 was reviewed. Clinical and questionnaire data that assessed exercise (EXE), smoking (SMK), and failure to control weight (FCW) including waist circumference (WC) and BMI as well as laboratory results i.e. Blood pressure, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were retrieved. The NCEP ATP III was applied to diagnose Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and a parallel latent growth curve model was used to assess relationships between MetS progression and health-related behaviors using R-code with lavaan (latent variable analysis) version 0.6-1 package. χ2/df, CFI, TLI, GFI, SRMR, RMSEA and Analysis of Covariate (ANCOVA) were used to determine goodness of fit and influence of sex and age as co-variates of the model. RESULT: Among 1,296 patients, 61 (4.7%), 64 (4.9%), 70 (5.4%), 73 (5.6%) and 87 (6.7%) patients had MetS each year. FCW had strong effects on prevalence (coefficient 0.69) and trend (0.57) of MetS progression while EXE had small negative (-0.05 and -0.07) and SMK had small and positive (0.01 and 0.03) effects. Age and gender contributed to MetS indirectly through FCW. Decomposition of effects revealed high relationship between FCW and prevalence (0.69) and trend (0.57) of MetS. SMK had indirect effect on TG (0.66) and HDL (-0.61) but these effects were diluted off after controlled for effects of other variables. CONCLUSION: We have brought to light the hidden (latent) aspect that age and sex result in MetS through FCW. With the significance of FCW, which subsequently increases risks for several NCDs, healthy eating should be the most important health promotion topic to avoid MetS progression. The LGC model can be used to supplement the diagnostic and prognostic scores for both physicians and health teams because it provides more detailed information of hidden (latent) relationships. Mobile phone applications using this model should be developed in order to promote self-regulation among MetS patients. Future research should be conducted for revision, calibration and validation of the ATP III criteria and the current research risk scores.
Highlights
OBJECTIVES: This research aims to develop a measurement model to assess a relationship between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) progression and health behavior changes
To explore effects of exercise behavior (EXE) and Smoking behavior (SMK) on the initial prevalence and subsequent trends of MetS, we look at slopes and intercept relationships in terms of correlation coefficients as follows
A higher loading value indicates “stronger” association. In this group of subjects, we found loading values of health-related behaviors, i.e., EXE and SMK behavior and failure to controlled weight remained high
Summary
This research aims to develop a measurement model to assess a relationship between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) progression and health behavior changes. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) was applied to diagnose MetS and a parallel latent growth curve (LGC) model was used to assess relationships between health-related behaviors and MetS progression. The FCW had strong effects on the initial prevalence (coefficient 0.69) and trend (0.57) of MetS progression while EXE had small negative (-0.05 and -0.07) and SMK had small and positive (0.01 and 0.03) effects. Decomposition of effects revealed high relationship between FCW and the initial prevalence (0.69) and trend (0.57) of MetS. CONCLUSION: We have brought to light the hidden (latent) aspect that age and sex result in MetS through FCW. Future research should be conducted for revision, calibration and validation of the NCEP ATP III criteria and the current research risk scores
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