Relationship between GSTT1, GSTM1 and NQO1 gene polymorphism and acute myeloid leukemia and recurrent chromosome translocations

Abstract

To investigate the impact of GSTM1, GSTT1 and NQO1 genotypes on susceptibility to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and recurrent chromosome translocations of AML. GSTT1, GSTM1 and NQO1 genotypes were detected in 228 adult patients with de novo AML and 241 controls by PCR or PCR-RFLP. The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype in the AML patients was 62.3%, significantly higher than that in the normal controls (52.7%, P = 0.036), however, no significant difference was found in the incidence of GSTT1 null genotype. The frequencies of NQO1(C609T) C/T and T/T genotypes were 53.1% and 25.0% respectively among the total AML patients (53.1% and 25.0% respectively), 64.3% and 25.0% respectively among the AML patients with t (8; 21) (q22; q22)/AML-ETO fusion gene, and 57.1% and 26.0% respectively among the AML patient with t (15; 17) (q22; q11)/PML-RARalpha fusion gene, all significantly higher than those in the controls (49.4% and 13.7% respectively). The relative risk of t (8; 21) (q22; q22)/AML-ETO (+) AML was 4.487 (95% CI: 1.282-15.705) for the subjects with NQO1(C609T) C/T genotype, and was 6.293 (95% CI: 1.536-25.782) for the subjects with NQO1(C609T) T/T genotype. The relative risk of t (15; 17) (q22; q11)/PML-RARalpha (+) AML was 2.531 (95% CI: 1.286-4.981) for the subjects with NQO1(C609T) C/T genotype, and was 4.149 (95% CI: 1.856-9.275) for the subjects with NQO1(C609T) T/T genotype. Determination of the NQO1(C609T) genotypes may be used as a stratification marker to predict high-risk individuals for AML, especially for AML with t (8; 21) (q22; q22)/AML-ETO fusion gene and t (15; 17) (q22; q11)/PML-RARalpha fusion gene.