Relationship Between Globulins in the Late Dry Period with Biochemical Parameters, Fertility and Culling of Cows within 90 Days after Calving

Abstract

Diseases of the transit period in cows and their culling after calving attract considerable attention. Therefore, early diagnosis and prediction of pathological processes during the transition period in cows using biochemical markers stays relevant. The purpose of this study was to find the relationship of globulin levels in the late interlactation period with biochemical parameters and the level of fertilisation and culling of cows within 90 days after calving. The blood serum of cows of the main herd was investigated 10-15 days before calving, based on which the animals were conditionally divided into three groups (with signs of hypogammaglobulinemia (less than 30 g/l)), as well as with normal and elevated (more than 40 g/l) globulin levels. Apart from indicators of protein-nitrogen metabolism, enzymatic activity was also found in the blood serum and the state of carbohydratelipid, mineral, and vitamin metabolism was assessed using biochemical, chromatographic, and spectrophotometric research methods. It was found that cows with hypoglobulinemia showed substantially lower activity of asparagine transaminase, as well as differences in carbohydrate-lipid metabolism (high glucose levels and reduced concentration of high-density lipoproteins). Furthermore, these cows were found to have a decrease in the content of magnesium, as well as copper. It was discovered that within 90 days after calving, the highest level of culling was observed among cows with reduced globulin levels, and the lowest – in animals with normoglobulinemia. Therefore, a direct relationship between the level of globulins in the blood serum 10-15 days before calving with the reproductive capacity and the level of culling of cows was proved. This allows promptly diagnosing and predicting the development of post-partum pathology and reproductive disorders. The results obtained can be used by practical specialists and scientists to plan and investigate the effectiveness of preventive measures to improve the safety of cows and their reproductive capacity in the post-calving period