Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium is an endemic plant of Cerrado biome that has potential for cultivation because its fruits have culinary and medicinal uses. However, genetic diversity studies using molecular markers with Cerrado species are scarce, and the inadequate extractive exploitation of fruits and the expansion of agricultural frontiers may also affect genetic variability. Therefore, studies in this field are of interest as they can provide sources for conservation and breeding programs. In this context, we investigated the genetic diversity of native populations of C. adamantium from different sites and the relationship between genetic variability and the land use and land cover of each site. A total of 207 plants were sampled in seven sites and characterized with seven polymorphic microsatellite markers. The use and coverage of land were mapped based on aerial images, and the land was classified into different categories. The genetic diversity was high in all populations, with low levels of differentiation due to allele sharing, mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay populations. The geographically closest populations were more genetically similar. The use and coverage of land indicated that intense agriculture promotes a significant decrease in genetic variability.
Highlights
We investigated the genetic diversity of native populations of C. adamantium from different sites and the relationship between genetic variability and the land use and land cover of each site
The genetic parameters analyzed for the genotyping of seven microsatellite loci of 207
The genetic diversity was high in all populations, with low levels of differentiation due to allele sharing mainly in the populations of Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay
Summary
Berg (Myrtaceae)— known as guavira, gabiroba, guabiroba, guabiroba-do-campo, or guariroba—is a native plant that is widely found in the Cerrado biome in Brazil [1]. It grows as shrubs measuring 0.5 to 1.5 m in height, blooms between September and November, and has fruits from November to December. The fruits have a round shape and a color ranging from dark to light green and yellow, with a sweet and pleasant aroma. They can be consumed in their natural form or used in the preparation of sweet foods, such as jams, jellies, sorbets, and juices. Several studies are being carried out to characterize the chemical and medicinal properties of C. adamantium with the ultimate objective of domestication, and some studies have indicated great genetic variability, inferred through the evaluation of phenotypic patterns [4,5,6,7,8,9]
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