Relationship Between Gene Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes in a Palestinian Population: A Study of Five Gene Polymorphisms

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To investigate the association between KCNQ1 rs2237892, KLF14 rs972283, ZBED3 rs4457053, COL8A1 rs792837, and FTO rs8050136; gene polymorphisms; and T2DM in the male Palestinian population. Methods In this case-control study, 100 T2DM male patients and 100 control men were examined. The two groups were genotyped for the five gene polymorphisms using restriction fragment length polymorphism–PCR (RFLP-PCR) and allele-specific (AS-PCR) techniques. Body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin (C-peptide), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were measured for all the study participants. The relation between the five gene polymorphisms, T2DM, and the measured clinical parameters were statistically analyzed using appropriate tests. Results Among the tested polymorphisms, significant associations were evident between KLF14 “GG” genotype (P = .014), FTO “CC” genotype (P = .043), and COL8A1 TC genotype (P = .015) and increased risk of T2DM. The KLF14 G-containing genotypes exerted a significant effect on lowering HDL-c (P = .026) and on elevating LDL-c (P = .045) and cholesterol level (P = .042) in the control group. The FTO “CC” genotype showed a significant effect on raising HbA1c level in the patients (P = .007). KCNQ1 (rs2237892 T>C), ZBED3 (rs4457053 A>G), and COL8A1 (rs792837 T>C) genotypes did not reveal significant effects on the tested parameters. Conclusion KLF14 “GG,” FTO “CC,” and COL8A1 C allele and “TC” genotypes are significantly associated with T2DM in the investigated population. KLF14 “GG” and “AG” have an association with the levels of HDL-c, LDL-c, and cholesterol in control subjects. The HbA1c level was significantly higher in patients with the FTO “CC” genotype. The study recommends confirming the obtained results on a larger sample and examining the association of other gene polymorphisms with T2DM in the Palestinian population.