Relationship between five hormone levels of hypertension and essential hypertension

Abstract

Objective To investigate the characteristics of five hormone levels of hypertension in patients with essential hypertension, and explore the correlation between them and essential hypertension. Methods The clinical data of 1 731 patients with essential hypertension and 305 healthy people in General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau from April 2018 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The levels of renin, angiotension Ⅱ (AT Ⅱ), aldosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol were measured by magnetic particle chemiluminescence, and the ratio of aldosterone to renin (ADRR) was calculated. Results The renin, AT Ⅱ, aldosterone, ACTH, cortisol and ADRR in patients with essential hypertension were significantly higher than those in healthy controls: (13.58 ± 9.78) ng/L vs. (9.20 ± 2.12) ng/L, (181.06 ± 89.82) ng/L vs. (133.49 ± 5.47) ng/L, (174.96 ± 103.14) ng/L vs. (136.04 ± 15.48) ng/L, (76.39 ± 61.43) ng/L vs. (26.98 ± 5.10) ng/L, (176.4 ± 88.8) μg/L vs. (145.1 ± 18.9) μg/L and 27.71 ± 18.37 vs. 15.18 ± 1.77, and there were statistical differences (P 0.05). The renin and AT Ⅱ in patients aged 51 to 60 years (610 cases) and >60 years (572 cases) were significantly lower than those in patients aged ≤ 50 years (549 cases): (12.67 ± 10.76), (12.43 ± 8.29) ng/L vs. (16.05 ± 10.29) ng/L and (172.62 ± 81.63), (166.04 ± 79.09) ng/L vs. (208.94 ± 108.75) ng/L, and there were statistical differences (P 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis result showed that renin and AT Ⅱwere negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.01 or <0.05), and aldosterone, ACTH and cortisol were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusions Renin and AT Ⅱ are negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure; aldosterone, and ACTH and cortisol are positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The five hormone levels of hypertension can reflect the function of renin-angiotension-aldosterone (RAAS) system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenocortical axis (HPA axis), which are the influencing factors of essential hypertension. Key words: Hypertension; Renin; Aldosterone; Angiotensin Ⅱ; Adrenocorticotropic hormone; Cortisol