Abstract
Introduction: Depression and cognitive impairment are common mental health problems among elderly, although few studies have examined their co-occurrence in aging population. So the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 506 older adults were presented to the health centers of the municipality of Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the sociodemographic questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Data were analyzed by using SPSS-17 with correlation analysis and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants was 65.71 years. Older people (>75 years) had more twice risk (95% CI: 1.01-4.90) for cognitive dysfunction. There was a significant correlation between MMSE and GDS. Elderly with collegiate education had 85% (95% CI: 0.1-0.5) and employed elderly had 56% (95% CI: 0.04-0.74) lower risk for cognitive dysfunction. Elderly with severe depression had twice risk (95% CI: 1.41-4.8) for cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: Findings suggest there is a relationship between depression and cognitive impairment among the elderly. These findings emphasis on assessing cognitive impairment and depression in geriatric assessment in elderly.
Highlights
Depression and cognitive impairment are common mental health problems among elderly, few studies have examined their co-occurrence in aging population
A positive and significant correlation was found between Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score using the Pearson correlation coefficient (P < 0.001) (Table 2)
The odds of cognitive impairment were 2 times higher in elderly suffering major depression (OR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.41- 4.8; P = 0.038)
Summary
Depression and cognitive impairment are common mental health problems among elderly, few studies have examined their co-occurrence in aging population. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in older adults. Data were collected using the sociodemographic questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Older people (>75 years) had more twice risk (95% CI: 1.01-4.90) for cognitive dysfunction. The prevalence of clinical symptoms of depression among the elderly has been estimated to be between 8% to 15% This rate reaches 30% in the elderly living in nursing homes.[1] In Iranian elderly residents at home with the beck is 95.64% and with the GDS 81.85%. The prevalence of depression in the elderly living at home with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was 57.58%.4. The prevalence of depression in the elderly living at home with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was 57.58%.4 In other study in Iran prevalence of depression among elderly was estimated to be 43% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 30%-55%), and the prevalence of very severe, severe, moderate, and mild depression levels were estimated to be 5%, 19%, 33%, and 38%.5
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