Abstract
BackgroundIsoflavones comprise a class of phytoestrogens that resemble human estrogen in chemical structure, and have weak estrogenic effects. Because estrogen modulates sleep duration and quality, we hypothesized that isoflavones would have a beneficial effect on sleep status in a way similar to estrogen. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between daily isoflavone intake and sleep status in Japanese subjects.MethodsOur study included 1076 Japanese adults aged 20-78 years. Daily isoflavone intake was assessed using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire, and sleep was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of regular sleep duration (7–8 h/day) and sufficient sleep quality were 13.3 % and 56.2 %, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the odds ratios (95 % CIs) for optimal sleep duration (7–8 h) when higher isoflavone intakes (Q2–Q4) were compared with low isoflavone intake (Q1) were Q2: 0.94 (0.53–1.56); Q3: 1.28 (0.73–2.24); and Q4: 1.84 (1.06–3.18) (p for trend = 0.013). In the final adjusted model, sufficient sleep quality across categories of isoflavone intake was Q1: 1.00 (reference); Q2: 1.30 (0.91–1.84); Q3: 1.48 (1.03–2.12); and Q4: 1.78 (1.22–2.60); (p for trend = 0.002).ConclusionHigher daily isoflavone intake was positively associated with optimal sleep duration and quality in a Japanese population. This finding suggests that daily isoflavone intake may have a potentially beneficial effect on sleep status.
Highlights
Sleep is a homeostatic process that involves an active and periodic biological state that is crucial to good physical and mental health [1]
Data were obtained from 1076 subjects; 143 (13.3 %) subjects were classified as having normal sleep duration (7–8 h), and 605 (56.2 %) subjects were classified as sufficient sleepers with regard to sleep quality
After adjusting for age, sex, and Body mass index (BMI) in Model 1, the odds ratios (ORs) for sleep duration increased across categories of isoflavone intake
Summary
Sleep is a homeostatic process that involves an active and periodic biological state that is crucial to good physical and mental health [1]. The understanding of the effects of estrogen on brain function has increased considerably. Estrogen acts on the brain primarily via the same neurotransmitters that are involved in sleep regulation [12]. The majority of research on hormone replacement therapy focuses on the role of estrogen and its positive effects on sleep. Estrogen replacement therapy has been shown to alleviate insomnia [13]; other reported benefits include improvements in falling asleep, diminished nocturnal restlessness, and fewer awakenings [14]. Isoflavones, a class of phytoestrogens, share structural similarities with. Isoflavones comprise a class of phytoestrogens that resemble human estrogen in chemical structure, and have weak estrogenic effects. Because estrogen modulates sleep duration and quality, we hypothesized that isoflavones would have a beneficial effect on sleep status in a way similar to estrogen. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between daily isoflavone intake and sleep status in Japanese subjects
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