Abstract
Especially for bicycle motocross (BMX) cyclists, transfer of muscular force-velocity (Fv) characteristics between common strength training exercises and cycling is important. This study investigated the relationship between Fv characteristics in a common training exercise (squat jumps) and a sport-specific task (cycling) in high-level BMX racers by exploring the degree to which Fv and torque–cadence (Tc) characteristics correspond. Twelve BMX racers performed an Fv (multiple loaded squat jump) and two Tc tests (ramp starts and flat-ground sprints). Results revealed very large correlations between and (r = 0.77) and between and (r = 0.85). On the other hand, the relationships between and (r = –0.25) and between and (r = –0.14) were small and negative. Similar results were observed for sprints. Based on dichotomous classifications (greater or less than group median), several discrepancies occurred, particularly for the profile slopes and high-speed variables. Thus, we recommend performing both jump-based and cycling-specific testing. Of additional note, characteristics on flat ground were similar to, but slightly different from those on the start ramp. Therefore, where possible, Tc tests should be carried out on a ramp.
Highlights
Description of force–velocity (Fv) characteristics and the development of methods to monitor and optimize these in the training of competitive athletes have received increasing attention in the sport science literature in recent years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Fv characteristics are determined for the lower extremity via vertical jumps with various additional loads, scatter-plotting concentric force versus concentric velocity for each loading condition, and extrapolating a linear model to the force and velocity axis intercepts (F0 and v0, respectively)
A comparison of the two Tc test settings revealed large to extremely large correlations between Tc properties
Summary
Description of force–velocity (Fv) characteristics and the development of methods to monitor and optimize these in the training of competitive athletes have received increasing attention in the sport science literature in recent years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. The application of the Fv relationship principle extends to single and multi-joint contractions, restricted and ballistic movements, as well as simple linear and cyclic actions [6,8,9,11,12,13,14,15]. Fv characteristics are determined for the lower extremity via vertical jumps with various additional loads, scatter-plotting concentric force versus concentric velocity for each loading condition, and extrapolating a linear model to the force and velocity axis intercepts (F0 and v0 , respectively).
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