Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience. Methods: Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance of C. albicans and S. mutans and relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase ( gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation were used to perform statistical analysis. Results: Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio of C. albicans to total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p<0.05). We observed the opposite for S. mutans (p < 0.05). The different value of C. albicans and S. mutans in saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level of S. mutans gtfB showed a positive correlation with C. albicans concentration in dental plaque. Conclusion:C. albicans has a positive correlation with cariogenic traits of S. mutans in ECC-related biofilm of young children.
Highlights
Childhood caries (ECC) remain the most common childhood oral health problem, globally[1], and Streptococcus mutans has been known for its important role in early childhood caries (ECC) development[2,3]
Quantitative levels of C. albicans and S. mutans and their proportion in saliva and dental plaque samples Standard curves were used to determine the corresponding number of microorganism tested while melting peaks were used to assess the specificity of the amplicon using saliva and plaque samples (Figure 1D–F)
This study focused on the relationship between C. albicans and S. mutans, as these oral microorganisms are frequently detected in the plaque of children with ECC12,22
Summary
Childhood caries (ECC) remain the most common childhood oral health problem, globally[1], and Streptococcus mutans has been known for its important role in ECC development[2,3]. The main purpose of this study was to validate the synergistic relationships between C. albicans and S. mutans, when growing in cariesrelated biofilm. For this reason, we requited preschool children with ECC experience, and we used qPCR since it is practice and reliable as a quantitative molecular tool of clinical oral samples[10]. The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience. The abundance of C. albicans and S. mutans and relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR) This method was employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Conclusion: C. albicans has a positive correlation with cariogenic traits of S. mutans in ECC-related biofilm of young children
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