Relationship among local and functional factors in the development of denture stomatitis in denture wearers in northern Brazil

Simone Soares Pedrosa,Renata Antunes Esteves,Fabíola Silveira-Gomes,Silvia Helena Marques-Da-Silva,Lurdete Maria Rocha Gauch

doi:10.1590/rou.2014.050

Simone Soares Pedrosa, Renata Antunes Esteves + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/rou.2014.050

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship among functional and qualitative factors in the development of denture stomatitis (DS) (according to Newton's classification) in acrylic-based denture wearers residents from northern Brazil.MATERIAL AND METHOD: A total of 99 patients who wore partial or total acrylic resin-based upper dentures were included in this study. The subjects completed an epidemiological data form that includes the patient's gender, age, local factors (hygiene habits, remove denture to sleep, use of mouthwash, present condition of the denture, age of the denture) and functional factors (vertical dimension at rest, vertical dimension of occlusion, occlusion, retention, and static and dynamic stability). To detect yeasts, samples were collected from the inner surface of the dentures and from the palatal mucosa in contact with it. Subsequently, the samples were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar, observing macro and microscopic characteristics.RESULT: In the present study, we did not find any significant relationship between the gender and disease onset. Based on the Newton classification, 36.3% of the patients presented with DS and 89.0% were colonized by yeasts; of these subjects, 50% had type I lesions, 33.3% had type II lesions, and 16.6% had type III lesions. All of the qualitative and local factors, except the use of mouthwash, were clinically relevant to the development of disease.CONCLUSION: Denture stomatitis in denture users in northern Brazil was multifactorial, involving local, functional and microbiological factors.

Highlights

MATERIAL AND METHODThe rehabilitation of totally or partially edentulous patients requires them to carefully adhere to prescribed clinical and laboratory regimens so that the dentures can integrate more harmoniously, thereby restoring the stomatognathic system function and aesthetics and preserving the oral mucosa and underlying bone structures[1]
Other factors contribute to the onset of disease, such as a change in the resin polymerization; these areas are sites of disease onset because of the pores that remain within the resin due to compression and roughness of the surface, which favors the adherence and colonization of microorganisms[4,5]
Barbeau et al.[7] noted that the etiology of denture stomatitis (DS) is multifactorial and includes advanced age, decline in the defense mechanisms of the immune system, systemic diseases, smoking, the use of dentures while sleeping, poor oral hygiene resulting in the accumulation of plaque on the denture, poorly fitting dentures, and functional factors related to the occlusion

Summary

MATERIAL AND METHOD

The rehabilitation of totally or partially edentulous patients requires them to carefully adhere to prescribed clinical and laboratory regimens so that the dentures can integrate more harmoniously, thereby restoring the stomatognathic system function and aesthetics and preserving the oral mucosa and underlying bone structures[1]. The present study included 99 patients who wore partial (class I of Kennedy[11] up to four tooth) or total upper acrylic resin-based dentures and were examined at the School of Dentistry, Federal University of Para in 2012. This investigation was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at the Evandro Chagas Institute (CEP/IEC 032/10). Descriptive statistical inference of the results presented in this work were performed using nonparametric and chi-square tests, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05

RESULT

Findings

DISCUSSION