Abstract
According to the Webb theory of ionic hydration modified by the Onsager reaction field, an internal pressure of liquid water p in (H 2 O) is calculated by using exclusively the physical properties of water at the temperature T =298 K and the external pressure 1 atm; p in (H 2 O)=11.6 kbar, which is the pressure of liquid water as an elastic fluid equated to an electrostatic force per unit area at the surface of an ionic cavity. The cavity has been charged up to the elementary unit of e , and takes the same radius as that of the Onsager cavity for water, 1.93 Å. The calculated value agrees exactly with the value of T S 0 / V 0 in terms of the standard molar entropy and volume of water, S 0 and V 0 , and also favorably with T Δ S i 0 / Δ V i 0 =10.9 kbar in terms of the standard entropy change and volume change in the self-ionization of liquid water, Δ S i 0 and Δ V i 0 . This relationship may be extended to the individual aqueous ions of H + and OH - .
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