Relationship Among Collective-Efficacy, Motivational Climate and Team Effectiveness in Cheerleading Teams

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among collective-efficacy, motivational climate and team effectiveness in cheerleading teams. The participants of this study were athletes, who joined in the 2006 High School Cheerleading Championship in Taiwan. Athletes included mixed-gender group and all-female group for the A-level senior high school players. Two hundred and forty-eight questionnaires were given and all returned from the 12 teams. Out of them, 194 were considered as valid questionnaires (valid rate 78%), and 54 were invalid questionnaires. The instrument was survey before the final game, and collective-efficacy, Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire, and satisfactions were measured. The data were analysis by hierarchical regression. The results showed that collective-efficacy and mastery climate were positively predicted satisfactions, and performance climate negatively predicted satisfactions. The interaction of collective-efficacy and mastery climate were significantly predicted satisfactions with coach. The interaction of collective-efficacy and performance climate predicted satisfactions were significant with team. The results of interaction effects showed that in mastery climate, athletes perceived high satisfactions with coach were also perceived high collectiveefficacy. The athletes, who perceived low mastery climate, had a strong positive relationship between satisfaction and collective-efficacy. In performance climate, athletes perceived high satisfactions with team were also perceived high collective-efficacy. The athletes, who perceived high performance climate, had a strong positive relationship between satisfaction and collective-efficacy. These results conclude that collective-efficacy could enhance cheerleading athletes' satisfactions, however, the enhancement was changed under the mastery climate and performance climate.