Abstract

BackgroundRecent evidence has shown that the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) is complex and involves other factors in addition to arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among AF, CHA2DS2-VASc score and ischaemic stroke in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in Hebei, China.MethodsA total of 2,335 patients with CAD from September 2016 to May 2019 at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were included (mean age 62.73 ± 10.35 years, range 26–92 years; 41.58% female). This was a cross-sectional study, and participants were divided into non-stroke (n = 1997) and ischaemic stroke groups (n = 338). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to match ischaemic stroke patients with non-stroke patients in a 1:4 ratio. The relationship among AF, the CHA2DS2-VASc score and ischaemic stroke was evaluated using univariable generalized linear models for different sex, age, body mass index (BMI), CAD and CHA2DS2-VASc score subgroups. Univariable and multivariable generalized linear models were used to evaluate the relationship between AF and ischaemic stroke in the different models.ResultsCompared with that in the non-stroke group, the prevalence of AF (8.81% vs. 14.20%, P = 0.002) in the ischaemic stroke group was higher. The proportion of patients with ischaemic stroke was significantly different between the AF group and the non-AF group (28.74% vs. 19.04%, P = 0.003). An increasing CHA2DS2-VASc score was associated with a gradual increase in the prevalence of AF (P for trend < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the trend towards increased stroke risk in the AF group was consistent across the various subgroups. The multivariable analysis demonstrated that AF was not associated with ischaemic stroke compared with the absence of AF (OR = 1.55, 95% CI 0.94–2.56, P = 0.087).ConclusionIn our cross-sectional study, after adjustment for confounding factors, there was no association between AF and ischaemic stroke. The increased risk of ischaemic stroke associated with AF was attenuated by atherosclerotic factors. Our study supports the current view that enhanced control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with AF is essential.

Highlights

  • Recent evidence has shown that the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) is complex and involves other factors in addition to arrhythmias

  • Our study supports the current view that enhanced control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with AF is essential

  • The multivariable analysis was adjusted for age, hypertension, aortic atherosclerosis, AF, ankle-brachial index (ABI), Chronic kidney disease (CKD), Pulse wave velocity (PWV), Left atrial diameter (LA), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), heart failure, previous previous myocardial infarction (MI), ischaemic cardiomyopathy, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes mellitus (DM)

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Summary

Introduction

Recent evidence has shown that the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) is complex and involves other factors in addition to arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among AF, ­CHA2DS2-VASc score and ischaemic stroke in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in Hebei, China. The current view is that AF causes blood clotting and thrombus detachment, resulting in cerebral embolism [8] This mechanism has long been considered the leading cause of ischaemic stroke [9]. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among AF, ­CHA2DS2-VASc score and ischaemic stroke in patients with coronary heart disease and to further understand the role of AF in ischaemic stroke in patients with CAD. The results will have far-reaching significance for future treatment strategies

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