Abstract

Melanin pigments were extracted from the fruiting bodies of fungi causing brown rot - Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst. and white rot - Fomes fomentarius (L.) TTKickx, Ganoderma applanatum (Pers. Fr.), Phellinus igniarius (L.) Qu, Phellinus robustus (P.Karst.) Bovrdot & Galzin) as well as from sterile form of mowed tinder, chaga (Inonotus obliquus (Pers.:Fr.)Pil.f. sterilis (Vanin) Nicol). Their elemental composition, spectral properties and antioxidant activity were investigated. Comparative studies of the structural and functional properties of melanins revealed a number of patterns. The element ratio N/C indicates a decrease in double bonds in the structure of melanins and a decrease in their aromaticity. An increase in the O/C ratio in studied melanins correlates with an increase in their light absorption, which corresponds to an increase in the oxygen content in pigments in the form of quinone-hydroquinone structures. Antioxidant activity increases with an increase in the O/C ratio.

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