Abstract

Depending on measurement conditions different choices of independent variables are used in the phenomenological description of piezo- and pyroelectricity. Eight different sets of material constants arise in this way on the basis of the commonly employed field variables resulting in a vast number of different but related third-order constants. To cope with this fact a generalized notation is introduced for them. Starting from the proper rotationally invariant form of the electric Gibbs function and the electric enthalpy, the relations between isothermal and adiabatic third-order material constants are derived. A numerical estimate for the nonlinear piezoelectric constants of α-quartz is presented.

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