RELATION OF METABOLIC PROFILE WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CAROTID LESIONS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Abstract

Objective: The aim of our study was to identify the relations of lipid profile and uric acid (UA) with the types of carotid artery lesions (CL) in hypertensive patients. Design and method: 67 hypertensive patients (35 men and 32 women) were examined (median age 51[45;55], hypertension duration was 3[2;5]). The subjects underwent duplex scanning of the carotid arteries (Samsung HS50, 2021). Metabolic profile included total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoproteins(LDL), high density lipoproteins(HDL), triglycerides(TG), and uric acid(UA). The results of the study were processed by the program Statistica 10.0. Results: All patients were divided into 4 groups according to on the type of CL: group 1 (n = 39) without pathological carotid tortuosity(PCAT) and atherosclerotic plaques(AP); group 2 (n = 11) with PCAT, but without AP; group 3 (n = 11) with AP<70% stenosis and without PCAT, and group 4 (n = 6), with both PCAT and AP<70% stenosis. The groups did not differ significantly in gender and age (p>0.05). Group 1 had TC level of 5.1[4.5;6.4]mmol/L, LDL of 2.3[2.05;2.8]mmol/L, HDL of 1.3[1.06;1.57]mmol/L, TG 1.2[0.7;1.6]mmol/L. The medians of the lipid profile in group 1 were not statistically different from those in group 2: TC - 4.85[4.5;7.69]mmol/l, LDL- 2.34[2.03;5.05]mmol/L, HDL- 1.38[1.3;1.6]mmol/L, TG- 1.1[0.9;1.23], p>0.05. Group 3, when compared with groups 1 and 2, had the highest levels of TC - 6.7[5.87;6.8]mmol/L (p = 0.001), LDL - 2.97[2.9;3.8]mmol/L (p = 0.0005), HDL - 1.5[0.6;1.64]mmol/L (p>0.05), and TG 1.9[1.8;2.35]mmol/L (p = 0.002), but did not significantly differed from those in group 4 (p>0.05), where median of TC was 6.32[6.02;6.7]mmol/L, LDL 3.5[2.89;3.28]mmol/L, HDL 0.69[0.6;1.64]mmol/L, and TG 2.1[2.01;2.85]mmol/L, p<0.05 when compared with groups 1 and 2. Median UA levels in group 1 (254 [212;310]mmol/L) was significantly lower (p = 0.011), when compared with patients in groups 2, 3, and 4 (311[301;395], 302[286;407], and 325[305;346], mmol/L, accordingly). There were correlations between the presence of PCAT+AP and levels of TC (r = 0.37; p<0.05), LDL (r = 0.53; p<0.05), TG (r = 0.47; p<0.05), presence of dyslipidemia (r = 0.44; p<0.05), and UA level (r = 0.4; p<0.05). Conclusions: We have demonstrated a relation of metabolic markers (TC, LDL, and UA) not only with atherosclerotic carotid lesion, but also with pathological carotid tortuosity in hypertensive patients.