Relation of growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone before weaning and postweaning growth performance in beef calves.

Abstract

Previously, GH response to GHRH challenge at weaning has been shown to be indicative of ADG during a standard postweaning growth performance test in Angus cattle. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that GH response to GHRH before weaning would predict postweaning ADG. Bulls with the highest and lowest GH responses to GHRH over a 3-yr period, relative to their contemporaries, were used as sires, to allow for examination of the persistence of GH response to GHRH through selection. The selected calves in this study were sired by one of four Angus bulls chosen based on their GH response to GHRH (high response, n = 2; low response, n = 2). Forty-nine Angus calves (bulls, n = 24; heifers, n = 25) were challenged with GHRH at approximately 60, 105, and 150 d of age and at weaning (219 d; SD = 25). Blood samples were taken immediately prior to and 10 min following an i.v. clearance dose of 4.5 microg of GHRH/100 kg BW and, 2 h later, immediately prior to and 10 min following a challenge dose of either 1.5 or 4.5 microg of GHRH/100 kg BW. Two hours later, the procedure was repeated, with each calf receiving the other challenge dose. Body weight was measured every 28 d and ADG was calculated over a 140-d growth performance test (heifers and bulls maintained separately). Data were log-transformed for statistical analyses. In the selected bulls and heifers, response of GH to 1.5 microg of GHRH/100 kg BW at 60 and 105 d of age was positively related (P < 0.05) to postweaning ADG. Response to 4.5 microg of GHRH/100 kg BW at 105 d of age and at weaning was positively related (P < 0.01) to postweaning ADG. Inclusion of sire in the analysis improved the relationship between GH response and ADG for calves of sires with high GH responses from R2 = 0.18 (P = 0.01) to R2 = 0.33 (P = 0.02). When the GH response to GHRH of the unselected calves at weaning was added to the data from the selected animals and analyzed, the GH response of the bulls was related to postweaning ADG (R2 = 0.09; P = 0.04). In conclusion, GH response to GHRH as early as 60 d of age is indicative of postweaning ADG in beef cattle. In addition, the relationship between GH response to GHRH and postweaning ADG is improved with selection for greater GH response to GHRH.