Relation of baseline prostate volume to improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms due to tamsulosin monotherapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia: An exploratory, multicenter, prospective study

Abstract

Aims:The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between baseline prostate volume (PV) and the improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) induced by tamsulosin monotherapy after 2-year follow-up in Egyptian benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients.Settings and Design:This was a prospective comparative multicenter study.Subjects and Methods:Three hundred and eighty-one BPH patients were included in the study from January 2014 to January 2017. The patients were divided according to their PV into two groups. Group A included patients with small-sized prostate (≤40 ml) and Group B included those with PV larger than 40 ml. Full evaluation was done at presentation. The patients are followed up at 6, 12, and 24 months of continued medical treatment with tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily.Statistical Analysis Used:Data were coded and entered using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24. Data were summarized using mean and standard deviation in quantitative data. Comparisons between quantitative variables were done using unpaired t-test or the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test. A comparison between paired measurements in the same person was done using paired t-test (Chan, 2003). P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:The mean age was 60.1 ± 7.2 years. The mean value of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was recorded for the 381 patients at presentation. In Group A, the mean value of IPSS was 20.44 ± 3.18, whereas in Group B, the mean value of IPSS was 21.23 ± 3.5. There was a significant improvement in symptoms (Qmax-IPSS) in both groups, but we found that this improvement was significantly better in Group A (P = 0.017).Conclusions:PV is an important prognostic factor affecting the improvement of the LUTS by α1-blocker monotherapy. Tamsulosin monotherapy may not be enough for large prostate (>40 mg) to maintain adequate symptom relief, and it is better to start with other medical options such as combined therapy or early nonmedical therapy. Starting α1-blocker monotherapy in smaller prostates may be of benefit in symptomatic patients without considering watchful waiting.