Relation of atherosclerosis risk factors with the number of involved coronary arteries in angiography

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary artery disease is the first leading cause of mortality in modern societies and formed the first cause of health expenditure. Male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, family history of ischemic heart disease, personal history of ischemic heart disease, age, height, weight and smoking are the main risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases. Despite the abundant existing information about relation of these risk factors and atherosclerosis, there are different results regarding the relationship between these risk factors and the number of involved coronary arteries. The aim of this study is to determine the relation of these risk factors of coronary atherosclerosis with the number of involved coronary artery in angiography. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 patients during 8 months in ShahidMadani heart hospital were carried out as convenience sampling. Data was collected by questionnaire including age, sex, weight, height and body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, family history of coronary heart disease, smoking, drug addiction, occupation, place of residence and education were studied. Number of coronary arteries stenosis revealed by angiography. Data were analysed by software 17SPSS, Chi-square test, T test and ANOVA. Results: A total of 300 patients with a mean age of 63.3±11.2 year were enrolled. Collected data showed that 71% were male, 33.3% smokers, 57.3% hypertensive, 30% diabetic, 27.7% with hyperlipidaemia, 70.34% obese and 14% with a family history of heart disease. Frequency of one, two and three vessel involvement was respectively 30%, 32% and 38%. There was a statistically significant relationship between ages, history of ischemic heart disease with the number of involved coronary artery. But there was no significant relationship with gender, body mass index, smoking and drug addiction, hypertension, family history of heart disease, location and education level with number of involved coronary artery. Conclusions: Our study showed that despite the known role of conventional risk factors with the incidence and growth rate of atherosclerosis, but there is no direct correlation with some of these risk factors and the number of involved coronary arteries in coronary angiography